Changes in soil properties and carbon fluxes following afforestation and agriculture in tropical forest

Anthropogenic land use change (LUC) affects soil quality and the global carbon (C) pool. Such LUC is a potential threat for forest ecosystems because it can alter biome increases emission of greenhouse gasses (GHGs). Here, we investigated changes in CO2 following afforestation reclaimed coal mine agriculture created tropical dry deciduous Jharkhand, India. Soil samples were collected from afforested mined (AMS), soils (AGS), natural (NFS) analyzed physicochemical biological properties. infiltration rate efflux recorded situ, C balance coefficient (Ci) calculated to determine dynamics. Our results demonstrated significant alteration parameters (decreases/increases based on individual parameter) converted use. Compared NFS, organic (SOC) stocks decreased by 84% AMS 50% AGS, increased 35% AGS 43% AMS, attributed differences vegetation microbial activities among sites. Principal component analysis showed rate, total nitrogen, clay content highly influenced explicitly indicate quality. The 4-year old was negative had greater Ci value than probably due lesser cover adverse We concluded that conversion forests different lands altered be assessed using indicator like content. tends switch sink source whether end or agriculture. However, degradation surface mining impact sequestration